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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temper bead welding current to the toughness of steel ST37 SMAW welds. Independent variables used are large currents of temper bead welding (70/70: 70/80: 80/70) Ampere, while the dependent variable is the HAZ and weld metal toughness. The results showed that the HAZ toughness high of 57.367 joule and of impact strength HAZ high of 0.716 J/mm2. Both are obtained through a big temper bead welding with 70/70 ampere currents. The highest toughness of the weld metal is 57.593 joule, occurs at temper bead welding with a large current 70/70 ampere and the highest impact strength of weld metal is 0.718 J/mm2 occur on a large temper bead welding with current 70/70 and 80/70 amperage ampere. Toughness and impact strength are influenced by changes in the microstructure formed in the weld. Temper bead welding with a large current 70/70 ampere allows the formation of a more homogeneous structure in the HAZ. While in the weld metal allows the formation of columnar structure and the structure of the affected re-heating (reheat). Columnar structure showed that the structure is dominated by accicular ferrite (AF) and a bit of Widmanstatten structure (WF) and grain boundary ferrite (GF).
Keywords: Large current, Temper Bead Welding, Toughness, SMAW, ST37.